CT041 is a CLDN18.2-specific CAR-T therapy that was tested in a phase I study.536 Data from this trial showed promising oncological effects of CT041 with high disease control rates, but also very high frequencies of cytokine release syndromes as well as hematological toxicities.536 In HCC patients, the surface antigen GPC3 is overexpressed while it is almost not found on untransformed tissues. This evidence concerns the gene CLDN18 and hepatocellular carcinoma.