TNF and exstrophy-epispadias complex: Recognizing the existence of 2 primary histological subtypes of EC, prior research from a clinical trial suggested a connection between CRP and the development of EEC, along with its impact on survival.[20] A population-based case–control study investigating EC assessed the correlation between inflammatory mediators, including TNF-α, IL-6, and CRP, and the risk of EC and its subtypes.