BMP2 and Intervertebral disk degeneration: For example, in a rabbit intervertebral disc degeneration model, EA with alternating frequencies of 2 to 15 Hz increased BMP-2 expression in the disc tissue.[85] Similarly, in a streptozotocin-induced diabetic mouse model, high-frequency EA (100 Hz) enhanced BMP-2 expression in the gut.[86] Collectively, these findings suggest a direct positive correlation between EA stimulation and increased BMP-2 expression, highlighting EA’s regulatory impact on BMP-2 as a potential mechanism for promoting tissue healing and bone formation.