ECM1 and asthma: Under Bonferroni significance (P < 5.63 × 10−5), seven proteins were found to be associated with asthma risk (Table 1; Fig. 2A and B), including five plasma proteins: interleukin 1 receptor type 1 (IL1-R1), interleukin 7 receptor (IL-7R), extracellular matrix protein 1 (ECM1), CD200 receptor 1 (CD200R1), ADAM metallopeptidase domain 19 (ADAM19), and two cerebrospinal fluid proteins: IL-6 sRa (interleukin 6 receptor, IL6R) and Layilin (LAYN).