CD38 and B-cell neoplasm: In agreement with our findings, many recent studies, such as Haq et al. 2020, and Wada et al. 2021, have shown that high CD38 expression is an independent adverse prognostic factor associated with poor clinical outcomes when compared to low CD38 expression in mature B cell neoplasms such as CLL and DLBCL cells and can be used to predict outcomes and design risk-adapted therapies39,40.