RAF1 and breast cancer: Most of the available studies focused on the tumor suppressor role of CDK10 in breast cancer where it correlates with disease progression, poor survival, and lymph node metastasis.394 CDK10 reduced expression can be ascribed to copy number loss as observed in a Swedish cohort or to methylation of CpG islands in CDK10 promoter, which correlates with shorter overall survival in breast cancer patients.389,395 Low CDK10 expression leads to increased ETS2-driven transcription of c-RAF, resulting in MAPK pathway activation and loss of tumor cell sensitivity to endocrine therapy.395