CAT and Osteopenia: Daily administration of 150 mg/day dose of French maritime pine bark extract (67–75 % procyanidins, 4–10 % catechin) for 12 weeks resulted in significant enhancement in plasma total thiol content, total antioxidant capacity (TAC), plasma activity of manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) and catalase, as well as elevated the transcript level of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), MnSOD, and catalase in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of postmenopausal women with osteopenia [151].