Recurrent pericarditis occurs in the setting of different genetic autoinflammatory diseases, particularly in tumour necrosis factor receptor-associated periodic syndrome (TRAPS), familial Mediterranean fever (FMF) and, rarely, mevalonate kinase deficiency, in which mutations in genes involved in the inflammatory response provide an overexpression of several pro-inflammatory cytokines [23]. The gene discussed is MVK; the disease is familial Mediterranean fever.