REN and chronic kidney disease: For instance, renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system inhibitors have been shown to reduce mortality and morbidity in individuals with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction, and are recommended as treatment for those with cardiovascular diseases, type 2 diabetes, and CKD, while sodium–glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors have been shown to reduce the incidence of cardiovascular events, hospitalization for heart failure, and all-cause mortality, in addition to protecting the kidneys [31,32].