The pro- or anticarcinogenic effects of the IL-23/IL-23R axis appear to be contingent upon several factors, including an individual’s genetic background, the specific type of tumor involved, the underlying cause (such as UV radiation, chemicals, viruses, and so forth), and the crucial equilibrium of STAT3 signaling within both the tumor mass and its surrounding microenvironment [9]. This evidence concerns the gene IL37 and neoplasm.