CD274 and prostate carcinoma: Prostate cancer cells also overexpress endosome-regulated ligands such as programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1), which enable direct interaction with T lymphocytes to suppress the immune system, suggesting that prostate cancer cells harbour the capacity for endosomal immunomodulatory plasticity to downregulate and upregulate pathways that mediate a net effect of immune suppression when interacting with lymphocytes (Figure 5B) [142].