VDR and hereditary antithrombin deficiency: The critical roles of VD and VDR in the regulation of antithrombin transcription have also been revealed in a study that involved disrupting regulatory elements of the VDR promoter region of the gene, suggesting that defects in the VD receptor contribute to antithrombin deficiency and increased risk of thrombosis; furthermore, it was reported that VDR controls the SERPINCI gene, which encodes antithrombin [1,18].