INS and diabetes mellitus: In contrast, another meta-analysis investigating taurine supplementation on metabolic indicators in diabetes showed that taurine intervention significantly improved HOMA-IR (SMD −0.64 [95% CI: −1.22, −0.06], p = 0.03) and fasting insulin (SMD −0.48 [95% CI: −0.99, 0.03], p = 0.06) in diabetic patients [57].