The pathogenesis, prognosis, and treatment of melanoma caused by environmental factors are closely related to mutations in genes such as BRAF, CKIT, NRAS, etc. The B-Raf proto-oncogene, a serine-threonine protein kinase, has the most mutations at codon 600, including V600E (80%), V600K (15%), and V600R/M/D/G (5%). The gene discussed is BRAF; the disease is melanoma.