The RAGE antagonist peptide RAP, which is derived from the RAGE-binding domain of the HMGB1 protein, can block the RAGE signaling pathway and has been proven effective in acute lung inflammation, inhibiting Aβ peptide binding to RAGE [146] and reducing Aβ plaque burden and memory impairment in AD mouse [147] models. Here, HMGB1 is linked to memory impairment.