ESR1 and schizophrenia: Furthermore, we investigate the relationship between cytokine level changes (IL-17, BAFF, IFN-γ, and TGF-β1) and independent variables, including demographic (gender, age), behavioral (tobacco use), clinical (schizophrenia type, disease course, disease onset, prior treatment), and biological (CRP, ESR) factors, as well as standardized assessment scores.