In cancer cell lines such as MDA-MB-231, MDA-MB-453, and 4T1 (mouse mammary carcinoma cell line), ICA promoted mitochondrial apoptosis by upregulating cleaved caspase-3 and Bax while downregulating Bcl-2, which led to a loss in ΔΨm and increased ROS [110]. Here, BAX is linked to cancer.