In a mouse model of diabetic nephropathy and mouse podocyte cells (MPCs), Li et al. reported that AS-IV reduced ROS levels, increased the activity of key anti-oxidant enzymes (CAT, SOD2, HO-1), and enhanced GPx activity while improving mitochondrial morphology and promoting mitochondrial biogenesis via the SIRT1/PGC-1α/Nrf1 pathway [77]. The gene discussed is PPARGC1A; the disease is diabetic kidney disease.