CASP4 and acute respiratory distress syndrome: Systemic exposure to LPS triggered severe endothelial pyroptosis, which was mediated by the caspase-4 noncanonical inflammasome in human lung microvascular endothelial cells (hMVECs) and human pulmonary artery ECs (HPAECs) as well as by the caspase-11 noncanonical inflammasome in the mMVECs of the LPS-induced ALI mice [51].