For example, among the genes with MR evidence of association with AD (Fig. 5b), genetically predicted increased EGFR expression is associated with increased AD risk (MR—PIVW = 2.35 × 10−9, βIVW = 0.14), supporting the potential for repurposing brain-penetrant EGFR inhibitors to the treatment of AD17. The gene discussed is EGFR; the disease is Alzheimer disease.