Furthermore, it has been proposed that concurrent mutations may be present in genes other than the SLC12A3 gene, such as the CLCNKB gene, which is associated with Bartter syndrome type III.[11] A study of 448 patients with a clinical diagnosis of GS for genetic mutations revealed that 18% of patients carried only 1 mutant allele by direct sequencing. Here, SLC12A3 is linked to Bartter disease type 3.