The results showed that the polarization of hippocampal microglia (CD45+ CD11b+) toward M1 phenotype with the frequency or the mean fluorescence intensity (MFI) of CD68+, CD68+, and CD206+ cells increased after sepsis significantly (Figure 4A–C); meanwhile, the mRNA of IL‐1β, TNF‐α, IL‐6, and IL‐10 were also significantly increased, whereas the SOD and GSH‐px were decreased after sepsis (Figure 4D–F), which was resumed by Mdivi‐1 administration in vivo (Figure 4A–F). This evidence concerns the gene SOD1 and Sepsis.