VEGFA and neoplasm: In the training cohort, the AUC for RS predicting VEGF status was 0.819 (95% CI, 0.743–0.880), surpassing the predictive performance of clinical features (such as M stage and tumor location), demonstrating the predictive value of the imaging biomarker (Figure S2a [http://links.lww.com/CTG/B238] and Table S5 [http://links.lww.com/CTG/B243]).