Together with the serological evidence of reduced T-cell expression of CD11a (the α-subunit of LFA-1) in multiple sclerosis patients receiving natalizumab therapy, this raises with the above mentioned experimental evidence of reduced hemispheric damage in natalizumab-treated animals, this raises the question of the role of integrins, and in particular LFA-1, in ischemic cell damage [23]. This evidence concerns the gene ITGAL and multiple sclerosis.