On the other hand, Cav-1 involves multiple pathways related to BBB permeability, neuron survival, apoptosis, and autophagy after ischemic stroke 26, 54, 55, and we also revealed that the Cav-1/CD147/VEGFR2/MMP pathway was responsible for BBB disruption and rat neurological function deficit after cerebral ischemia 33. Here, BSG is linked to Cerebral ischemia.