PDCD1 and colorectal carcinoma: POSTN also induced expression of Programmed Cell Death Protein 1 (PD-1) on TAMs through integrin-ILK-NF-κB signalling, and PD-1+ TAMs, in turn, produced IL-6 and IFN-γ, leading to induction of Programmed Cell Death Ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression on CRC cells [162].