He found GCKR, ABCB11, CDKAL1, CDKN2B, NT5C2, and APOC1 gene were associated with metabolically unhealthy phenotypes in individuals with normal weight but not in those with obesity, showing that certain genetic polymorphisms may also have an impact on the metabolic health in NWO populations [41]. Here, CDKAL1 is linked to obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency.