De Marchis et al. (37) evaluated 783 patients with acute ischemic stroke and demonstrated that copeptin independently predicts unfavorable outcome [modified Rankin Score (mRS) > 3 points] within 90 days, mortality within 90 days and complications (symptomatic intracerebral hemorrhage, space-occupying cerebral edema, pneumonia, seizures or mortality within 10 days from stroke onset). This evidence concerns the gene AVP and susceptibility to pneumonia measurement.