Compared to participants in the lowest tertile of NHHR, those in the higher tertile were typically younger, predominantly male, former or current smokers, heavy drinkers, with lower levels of HDL-C, higher levels of BMI, TC, Non-HDL-C, HbA1c, ALT, AST, ACR, and an increased prevalence of CKD (p < 0.05). This evidence concerns the gene GPT and chronic kidney disease.