TNP1 and neoplasm: Upon targeting tumor cells, TNP1/ZnPc (employing a near-infrared excitable photosensitizer (Zinc phthalocyanine, ZnPc) as proof of concept and incorporating the cRGD peptide via a multi-ion complex interaction between P1 and sulfated polymers (cRGD-PSPMA)), were effectively endocytosed and predominantly transited through lysosomes (Figure 1B).