Transcriptomic analysis of tumor tissues before and after iRFA treatment consistently showed that a variety of pro-inflammatory genes including Il1b, Il1r2, Tnfrsf8, and Ccl5, and immune-activation related genes including Isg15 and Irf2bp1 as well as several immune-activation related pathways were significantly up-regulated after 2 days of iRFA treatment (Figure 2I and 2K, Figure S5-S6, Table S1). This evidence concerns the gene CCL5 and neoplasm.