In patients with advanced HCC, a Child-Pugh stage B and a good performance status, checkpoint inhibition with an anti-PD1/anti-PD-L1 antibody or the tyrosine kinase inhibitors sorafenib or lenvatinib may be offered as first-line therapy after individualized assessment according to the ASCO guidelines25. The gene discussed is CD274; the disease is hepatocellular carcinoma.