From a therapeutic perspective, blockade of Endocan signaling in GBM cells can be achieved by at least four different approaches: (i) downregulation of Endocan secretion in VE cells; (ii) removal of the already secreted Endocan protein from the extracellular space; (iii) direct inhibition of PDGFRA; and (iv) inhibition of Myc. This evidence concerns the gene ESM1 and glioblastoma.