MX1 and viral infectious disease: Other lncRNAs can negatively regulate ISG expression, with LUCAT1 (Lung Cancer Associated Transcript 1) interacting with STAT1 to restrict JAK-STAT signaling and restore immune homeostasis after the initial inflammatory response to viral infection (Agarwal et al, 2020), and NRAV (Negative Regulator of AntiViral response) reducing the expression of key ISGs, including MX1, IFIT2, and IFIT3, via interaction with transcription factor ZONAB1 and histone modification of target genes (Ouyang et al, 2014).