KEAP1 and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease: This study emphasized the influence of MSC-derived exosomal miR-24-3p on reducing lipid accumulation, oxidative stress, and inflammation, leading to improved hepatic function and decreased steatosis in both palmitate-treated mouse hepatocytes in vitro and a high-fat diet-induced NAFLD mouse model invivo. miR-24-3p exerts these protective effects by targeting Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (KEAP-1) signaling, thereby attenuating hepatic lipid metabolism disturbances, inflammation, and oxidative stress [241].