As shown in Fig. 7E, we compared the scaled score of normalized activators of cancer-related pathways in the two CDI clusters, which showed that 10 activators varied significantly and that pathways such as epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), hypoxia, MAPK, transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β), and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) were upregulated in the high CDI clusters. The gene discussed is TGFB1; the disease is cancer.