Chronic inflammation, persistent immune activation, and the effect of ART are linked to endothelial dysfunction, vessel wall damage, extracellular matrix remodeling, angiotensin-II-mediated fibrosis, vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) dysfunction, and calcifications, all of which can contribute to elevated arterial stiffness and premature vascular aging [17,18,19,20,65,66]. This evidence concerns the gene AGT and endothelial dysfunction.