AKT1 and cancer: Anti-carcinogenic effects of curcumin have been demonstrated in several cancers, including PC, by modulating various signaling pathways, including p53, mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase, phosphoinositol-3 kinases/protein kinase B (P13K/Akt), Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription (JAK/STAT), sonic hedgehog, and nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) pathways [19].