Increased intestinal permeability has been related to hyperammonemia ions in the intestinal lumen, alteration of tight junction proteins (claudin-1, occludin, and tight junction ZO1 protein) in the colonic mucosa, and translocation of bacterial products of intestinal origin, as shown by the presence of DNA fragments of aerobic and anaerobic pathogens of intestinal origin circulating in patients with CKD and on dialysis [36,65]. This evidence concerns the gene OCLN and chronic kidney disease.