Hou et al. optimized the modeling conditions of the HK-2 hyperuricemia cell model and determined that HK-2 cells inoculated at a density of 105 cells/mL for 24 h and in 2.5 mM adenosine for 30 h, and then incubated with a final concentration of 0.005 U/mL xanthine oxidase for 8 h, could generate a cell model with high adenosine utilization, a large amount of uric acid precursor generation, and complete enzymatic reaction [112]. Here, XDH is linked to hyperuricemia.