CCL2 and Obesity: Future studies could include additional markers, such as TNF-α receptors (R1 and R2), IL-6, MCP-1 (monocyte chemoattractant protein-1), leptin, and adiponectin (as an anti-inflammatory marker), or the leptin/adiponectin ratio, to assess not only different fat deposits but also fat dysfunction and its relationship with obesity-related comorbidities [55].