GSDMD and infection: However, unlike IL-1β and IL-18, IL-6 was released in Pam3CSK4-primed J774A.1 cells, indicating that IL-6 is a common inflammation marker in infection and inflammatory processes, and it is not released mainly through GSDMD pores during pyroptosis but secreted through the classical synthesis and secretory pathways (i.e., golgi apparatus).