CXCL10 and neoplasm: In addition, IFN-γ, also produced by Th1 cells, has been shown to enhance the direct cytotoxic activity of macrophages against cancer cells, stimulating macrophages to secrete chemokines such as CXCL9 and CXCL10, which may contribute to an anti-tumor environment, potentially preventing cancer progression rather than promoting it [77].