TWIST1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus: From qPCR analysis, the gene expressions of Wnt10a, Wnt6, Bmp4, Col1A1, Msx2, Twist1, and Osx (Sp7) were significantly decreased in incisors of T2DM mice (Figure 4F), while major odontoblast specific genes (Dmp1, Dspp, Nortum) were not significantly changed, which was a similar phenomenon to ameloblast specific genes described above.