INS and lung carcinoma: They showed that among patients treated with non-insulin antidiabetic drugs (with the exception of alpha-glucosidase inhibitors), GLP-1 receptor agonists had the lowest risk ratio for lung cancer (0.49, 95% CI: 0.41–0.59) compared to insulin regardless of histological type, gender, race, or smoking status; regrettably, records did not include information on the duration of use or dose of GLP-1 receptor agonists, thereby precluding a thorough analysis of the impact of these variables on the outcomes.