The presence of DM (p = 0.028, OR: 2.727, 95% CI: 1.115–6.668), ALT levels (U/L) (p = 0.027, OR: 1.034, 95% CI: 1.004–1.065), GGT levels (U/L) (p = 0.025, OR: 1.010, 95% CI: 1.001–1.019), and 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels (μg/L) (p = 0.025, OR: 0.937, 95% CI: 0.885–0.992) were significantly associated with the development of arthritis. The gene discussed is GPT; the disease is diabetes mellitus.