However, its downregulation led to the promotion of proliferation, colony formation, EMT, and migration of gastric cancer cells (BGC-823 and SGC-7901), along with increased TGF-β signaling pathway-related proteins, including TGF-β, phospho-Smad2, Smad2, Smad3, and Smad4. The gene discussed is TGFB1; the disease is gastric cancer.