GPBAR1 and inflammatory bowel disease: BARs, including FXR, PXR, VDR, and GPBAR1, are highly expressed in innate and adaptive immune cells that impact IBD pathophysiology [79,88,89,90,91,92,93], e.g., TGR5R-dependent protein kinase A activation drove the ubiquitination and phosphorylation of NLRP3, a key regulator of innate immune response in the intestinal mucosa.