In multivariate analysis, logNT-proBNP was independently associated with failure of AF cardioversion at baseline [OR, 95% CI: 4.80 (1.58–14.55), p = 0.006], as well as with AF recurrence/persistence at D8 [OR, 95% CI: 3.65 (1.06–12.59), p = 0.041], after adjusting for LA diameter. This evidence concerns the gene NPPB and atrial fibrillation.