In univariate logistic regression analysis, logNT-proBNP was significantly associated with failure of AF cardioversion at baseline [OR, 95% CI: 4.80 (1.58–14.55), p = 0.006] and with AF recurrence or persistence at D8 [OR, 95% CI: 5.61 (1.76–17.89), p = 0.004] but not with AF recurrence or persistence at D30 (p = 0.088). This evidence concerns the gene NPPB and atrial fibrillation.