EDNRA and bronchopulmonary dysplasia: Various treatments for BPD, including antenatal corticosteroids, surfactant, diuretics, inhaled bronchodilators, Phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitors, inhaled pulmonary vasodilators, endothelin-1 receptor antagonists, and macrolide antibiotics have been used in clinical settings but have not been effective in reducing the incidence of BPD [28].