In a case-control matched analysis by Cortellini et al., current/former smokers with metastatic NSCLC patients and PD-L1 expression ≥ 50% receiving first-line pembrolizumab experienced improved PFS and OS, whilst the opposite trend was found within NSCLC patients treated with first-line platinum-based CT [52]. The gene discussed is CD274; the disease is non-small cell lung carcinoma.